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Vase

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Elm, Hackberry, Japanese Pagoda Tree, Silver Maple

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Oval

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Sugar Maple, Cucumber Tree, Saucer Magnolia, Hawthorn, Catalpa, Beech, Black Ash, Soapberry, Horse Chesnut, Basswood, Sycamore, Persimmon

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Columnar

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Lombardy Popular, Gray Birch, Paper Birch, Bald Cypress, Pyramidal Hornbeam

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Irregular

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Fringe Tree, Staghorn Sumac, Locust, Kentuchy Coffee Tree, Ginkgo, Ailanthus, Osage Orange, Goldenrain Tree, Devil's-Walking-Stick, Shagbark Hickory, Black Gum

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Weeping

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Cherry, Willow, Beech

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Fan

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Silk Tree, Tea Crab, Yellowwood

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Multiple-stemmed

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Birch, Redbud, Silk Tree, Yellowwood, Serviceberry, Saucer Magnolia, Crape Myrtle, Franklin Tree, Fringe Tree, Smoke Tree

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Broad and spreading

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White Oak, Red Oak, Black Oak, White Ash, Black Walnut, Black Willow

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Pyramidal

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Pin Oak, Tulip Tree, Sweet Gum

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Round

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Hawthorns, Sargent Crab, Fringe Tree, Russian Olive, Willow, Japanese Maple, Franklin Tree

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Horizontal-branching

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Dogwood, Black Locust, Cockspur Hawthorn, Persimmon

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ARTIFICIAL FORMS

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Espalier

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Training trees to grow flat against a wall or fence in symmetrical patterns

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Pleaching

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Interweaving tree branches to form a mass in a single plane, such as a tunnel or alley

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Topiary

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Sculpting trees and shrubs into figures, formal shapes or designs

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Pollarding

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The cutting back of branches to the trunk to induce new growth every spring